“This is a historic event” said Pam Spencer Holly, YALSA President in her welcome to the 80+ participants at the TNT institute.
Linda Braun introduced the committe behind the program, presented the agenda and thanked our sponsors (Rosen, Gamecrazy, Up to Date, Alliance/Diamond Comics) before Jana Fine introduced the first speaker, Dr. Anthony Bernier.
Anthony opened by saying as an academic it is his job to review the research and make it palatable to us and quoted Edward Murrow address to the radio television news directors association that “This instrument can teach, it can illuminate; yes, and it can even inspire, but it can do so only to the extent that humans are determined to use it to those ends. Otherwise it is merely wires and lights in a box.” Murrow’s full address is online at http://www.rtnda.org/resources/speeches/murrow.shtml. This quote canbe applied to computers, and games.
Anthony acheived three objectives:
State of Current Research (information seeking)
Critical Assessment of current research (analysis)
New Questions: What counts as youth literacy and why?
“We need to expand the definition of what counts in information literacy,” said Anthony. Why is it that we need to see youth on terms designed by teachers, academics, test creators, etc? And we must recognize that information seeking happens beyond the classroom. When public libraries only validate school related info seeking, we don’t see students beyond the one dimensional or as individuals. They become information silos filled at information troughs.
Can Grand Theft Auto inspire professors? James Paul Gee claims that games introduce new worlds, new identities, new experiences just as good literature does.
The literature is only negative about student info gathering skills - they have nothing but deficits. Some researchers argue against simplified searching - against students being handed information on a plate. Search engines are doing just these, and we are losing people as a result.
The research also views students as consumers of information, and hasn’t started to examine youth as content creators and producers.
One place for librarians to start is by shift attitudes about info gatherers:
impatient -> demanding
unprepared/lacking -> consumers who need better designed product
consumer ->agents of production
How do we fix this? Explore new research possibilities by requiring more research with an emphasis on young adults. They are more complex!
Examine daily life as a whole, not just school and tests, to find out how teens are gathering and using and creating information. It’s actually high level literacy behaviors - but because it might be scholastic in nature it doesn’t count. Adolescent literacy acts come embedded in social aspects.
For example, a grocery store bagger requires reading and interpreting schedules, paperwork, ads/coupons, customer service scripts, etc. Or, ESL students who have an additional challenge in researching and translating documents for parents who are not English speakers at all.
What about FUN? Not all literacies help solve problems.
Pew Internet & American Life Project’s July report on Teens & Technology documents how teens use the Internet in their daily life for news, health, spiritual, and recreational activities.
Why do teens adapt and engage with some tools over others? And how is that Pew finds the same teens’ skills sophisticated while the research finds them deficient?
One skill is determining what is the best way to communicate a message (privacy, time, cost, required response) and selecting the right medium (cell, texting, iming, email).
Althought the Pew report focuses on more affluent teens, but there are studies on marginalized teens as well.
Teens conversation is “wide-ranging and fearless.” Bernier described an example of a conversation involving literacies that was youth directed.
Language experience adopted 25 years ago in Chicago is widespread and this, coupled with the lack of free speech in school newspapers has lead to a boom in youth created and produced writing in “fugitive materials,” that are non sequential, small lots, etc in print, audio and web. There are subversive, or designed to fly beneath the radar of mass media.
Ephemra (connation of not very valuable) is often difficult to collect, catalog, and display. For example:
Mugglecast
Harry and Potters
memes
blogs
zines
Quizilla
machina
gaia online
fan fiction / fan art
YO Youth Outlook 25000 circulation Urban youth magazine
Youth Today - journal for youth service workers
NexGenreation da magazine of truth from youth
Foster care magazines - NYC, CT
Mockingbird Times Foster youth in Seattle 60000 circulation
VOX Atlanta
New Expressions (since 1977) Chicago
Beat Within creative writing of incarcerated youth in San Francisco
You Heard Me? Louisiana
Clamor from OH
SNAG Seventh Native American Generation
Represent NY Foster Care
New Youth Connections NYC
Road Dawgs 24000 circulation Homeless youth in San Francisco
Online
Sprawl Magazine (Suburban life)
DeBug South bay bilingual
Communicator San Antonio public school system
High School newspapers! Does your library collect the school paper?
The Aegis Oakland
Youth Today Fremont
Laney College
Onxy Express
LA Youth 400000 circluation
Broadcast media (most now podcasted)
Youth Radio Berkley (nationally syndicated NPR award winning radio)
Blunt radio from Portland
Teenage Diaries NY
Block 2 Block (part of DeBug)
Radio Arte Day
Youth Led Media
Radio Rookies NYC
East Oakland Community High School
Youth cast NPR
TV
Open-World TV (Bay Area)
Poetry Television
YTV Youth TV ABC
YOuth Channel Manhattan NY
Unspoken
Uth TV
In the Mix
Reel Peeps video (Everyday Eastlake)
‘Zines
Playbill SF
Wire tap
Hot Secret Files (SF TAB)
Perspectives of Schuyler (critical left-leaning student blog)
Reference Resources by youth
Know Justice
Slang Dictionary (Berkeley High School)
Youth Movement Press Database
Youth Media NEtwork
Speaking for ourselves
Bay Area Media Map
Smart Mobs
Mobile Gaming
Social Gaming
These are tools for programming, not just collection development. The new YALSA preferred method of programs is youth participation in all aspects of the program, so these productions mesh with New Directions for Library Service to Young Adults.
The outcomes of these programs are not academic or curricula in nature. They learn skills, techniques and habits of mind for a wide variety of applications. “Youth media stuff is exploding!” reminded Bernier. All of these examples are collaborative, tie into developmental assets of adolescents.
How can we categorize YA-produced literature?
It will not remain only adults writing to and for YA audiences. This tag is expanding narrative essay, graphic novels blogs, films, etc - produced by youth themselves for a broad range of generations, not just for teens.
This multi-literacy landscape is not simply an issue of young adult librarains - what happens when these kids grow up? We need to prepare for these content creators in ALL aspects of library service.
“What are the spacial implications for libraries? We are starting to get a foothold in teen spaces,” said Anthony, “and the technology is taking it back.” He called for us to reimagine the space libraries should be, with a focus on out of school public culture (tutoring, homeschooling, special schools) and youth content creation. We need spaces for social relationships and cultural creations FAR MORE THAN FOR BOOKS, building in flexibility and change. Anthony showed a sample of a model young adult space that is an inversion of the current model: the collection is PERIPHERAL to the social space and is collaborative, among other things.
Our research needs to focus on these subversive emergent literacies. Don’t forget, the YALSA/VOYA/Henne Research grant could be seed money to study youth and literacy, and Berkley’s information management school has big money available as well.
Ask Anthony about “afterschool apartheid” the next time you see him, and don’t forget to check the new YALSA blog for more coverage of this event at http://blogs.ala.org/index.php?blog=5.
Anthony’s presentation this morning will be appearing in Mary K. Chelton’s new book, and online on YALSA’s website.